There is a ISO standard for offset printing (ISO 12647-2) concerning optimal color space and reproduction in industrial printing. Because there are different ways to correctly reproduce a RGB color in CMYK color space, there are different ways to convert RGB colors into CMYK colors. Especially the composition of 'black' differs widely in coated FORGRA and ISO coated. If you convert a RGB image into CMYK using ISO coated v2 300, the profile guarantees, that ink coverage won't exceed 300%, what is very important for different printing processes. For example all online print companies in Germany strictly demand not to exceed 300% ink coverage and strongly recommend the use of ISO coated v2 300. But attention: If you convert an image into this profile and you continue editing the image (modifying contrast, exposure, brightness and so on), the result probably will no longer match the profile's goals and conditions.
For example pushing up picture saturation or contrast will very fast end up in a ink coverage of 350 to 400%, what will be quite crucial for offset printing. Please excuse me for not knowing the precise english terminology of these circumstances. I hope, it is understandable nevertheless. I think, a forum like this us definitely not the place to discuss color profiling theories in depth. The CMYK profiles reflect different print production processes and there are no colors 'clipped'. What happens, is a differnet treatment of black. You can't simply convert RGB to CMYK.
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You could, if converting RGB to CMY would be possible, but it isn't: Black would result in a dirty 'blackish' brown and small black typo would have heavy quality issues, because the black color must be composed of the 3 other print inks. Therefore, and out of many other reasons, a 4th color, black, was added to the offset printing process. What means, you can't any longer convert RGB to CMYK mathematically. The 4th color prevents this 'effectively'. The solution is, to translate RGB into CMYK by using very sophisticated color profiles.
The main difference, among others, is the treatment of the color black. If you have a color using C, M and Y, you may print this, but you may as well reduce the amount of each of these colors and use a certain amout of black(grey) instead. This is definitely no quality issue ('clipping', as you call it) but a necessity of the technical printing process (colors, paper, prining speed and much, much more. If the creator of a dokument has no idea about these things, I would strongly advise, to use RGB color space with sRGB and leave the color conversion to a printing professional, who is able to handle CMYK profiles.